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is the thousand he mentioning is space between the valves and piston head or valve clearance of the cylinder head seating to the valve?
You may wish to re-write that in a mclearer manner, but if I understand the question, from the title, it's the distance, or clearance, between the valves as they open and colle and the top of the piston as it gets close to and moves away from the top of its travel.
The intake starts to open as the piston is still moving up, and camshafts with more lift and/or duration and/or larger valves will have the valves closer to the piston as the valves open, and can result in the valves hitting the piston. With the exhausts, they're still closing as the piston approached TDC, and this can result in the piston hitting the valve.